Carrier Laws Along with Allied Acts (Air, Land, Ship)

This 2023 edition of Carrier Laws—Commercial’s consolidated Bare-Act compendium reproduces, word-for-word, every principal statute and rule set that governs the carriage of goods across road, sea, air and multimodal corridors in India.

The volume binds in the complete, updated texts of:

• Carriage by Road Act, 2007 & Carriage by Road Rules, 2011 – electronic consignment note, carrier registration and liability ceilings

• Carriers Act, 1865 – foundational common-carrier liability provisions

• Indian Carriage of Goods by Sea Act, 1925 – Hague Rules adoption, package-limitation clauses and carrier defences

• Carriage by Air Act, 1972 (as amended via S.O. 231 E, 23-3-2011) – Warsaw / Montreal Convention liability limits and e-air-waybill recognition

• Multimodal Transportation of Goods Act, 1993 – door-to-door liability regime for containers & ICD traffic

• Registration of Multimodal Transport Operators Rules, 1992 – eligibility, security deposit and renewal procedure

• Multimodal Transport Document Rules, 1994 – negotiability, electronic issue and jurisdiction clauses

Brief, practice-oriented short comments follow pivotal provisions—flagging digitial-consignment interfaces with e-Way Bill 2.0, revised SDR-based liability caps, and the 2020 Customs Sea-Cargo Manifest alignment—while preserving full Bare-Act integrity for examinations and authoritative citation.

Core statutory coverage

• Carrier liability & defences—common-carrier strict liability, vis major exceptions, package-value declarations and limitation periods.

• Documentation & e-records—consignment note, bill of lading, air waybill, multimodal transport document; electronic issuance & tracking norms.

• Registration & compliance—mandatory enrolment of road carriers (turnover ≥ ₹50 lakh), MTO licensing and security deposit.

• Limitation of actions—one-year suit bar under sea & air statutes; two-year window for road carriage claims.

• Jurisdiction & arbitration—choice-of-forum clauses, High-Value Cargo arbitration and special Commercial-Court jurisdiction.

• Customs & GST interface—EIR uploads, e-Way Bill validation, carrier obligations during transhipment and bonded movement.

This edition is particularly suited for

• Freight forwarders, logistics companies, 3PL/4PL providers & MTOs navigating multimodal liability and registration rules.

• Exporters, importers & traders vetting delivery terms (FOB, CIF, DDP), limitation clauses and cargo-insurance overlaps.

• Advocates, in-house counsel & claim-recoveries teams handling cargo loss, delay or damage litigation and arbitration.

• Port/airport operators, ICD/CFS managers & road-transport associations ensuring statutory compliance and documentation.

• AIBE candidates and law students specialising in transport, maritime and aviation law.

Exact Gazette text · pinpoint explanatory notes · zero superfluous commentary—your fastest route to clarity, authenticity and practical insight on India’s carriage-of-goods framework.